Psychoanalysis and Freud

Psychoanalysis is a system of psychology originated by the Viennese physician Sigmund FREUD in the 1890s and then further developed by himself, his students, and otherwise followers. It consists of three kinds of related activities: (1) a method for research into the humane encephalon, especially inner experiences such as thoughts, feelings, emotions, fantasies, and dreams; (2) a taxonomic accumulation of a body of knowledge somewhat the approximation; and (3) a method for the treatment of psychological or steamy disorders.

Psychoanalysis began with the discovery that HYSTERIA, an illness with physical symptoms that occurred in a wholly healthy physical body--such as a numbness or paralysis of a limb or a sacking of voice or a blindness--could be caused by unconscious mind wishes or forgotten memories. (Hysteria is now commonly referred to as modulation disorder.) The French neurologist Jean Martin CHARCOT tried to rid the mind of undesirable thoughts through hypnotic suggestion, but without lasting success. Josef Breuer, a Viennese physician, achieved better results by letting Anna O., a three-year-old woman patient, try to empty her mind by average telling him all of her thoughts and feelings.

Freud refined Breuers method by conceptualizing theories about it and, using these theories, telling his patients through interpretations what was going on deep down the unconscious part of their minds, thereof making the unconscious give-up the ghost conscious.



Many hysterias were cured this way, and in 1895, Breuer and Freud published their findings and theories in Studies in Hysteria.

CLASSIC PSYCHOANALYTIC THEORY

Traditional psychoanalytical theory states that all human beings are born with instinctual drives that are constantly active even though a person is usually not conscious of thus being driven. Two drives--one for sexual pleasure, called libido, the other called aggression--motivate and propel roughly behavior. In the infant, the libido first manifests itself by making sucking an activity...

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