'Investigation into temperature change Essay\r'

'Introduction.\r\nThe interest is an taste into temperature change in an exoergic answer taking place between Sodium hydrated oxide (NaOH) and Hydrochloric acid (HCl) and in any case how the constriction of the acid give vary these results. The characteristics of the chemical reply feature a neutralisation, an vigor change (shown as a temperature change) that is usually exothermic (gives come out of the closet heat).\r\nThe reply of neutralisation is exothermic because of the bonds organism broken and made in the reaction. When bonds be broken, energy in those bonds argon taken in, and in this case, are noted as a temperature change, the temperature increasing. If it were an give the sackothermic reaction, the temperature would lower, because the reaction is using up more(prenominal) energy time out the bonds, this is noted and a temperature change, this time, showing how temperature decreases.\r\nThe acid and pedestal compounds dissolve into piss, acid into hydrog en ions, and radical in hydroxide ions. Neutralisation with hydrogen and a hydroxide, at the end, the product is water (also with left over sodium chloride). There is energy released in kilojoules when a reaction takes place.\r\nThe main aim is testing the effect of antithetic concentrations and the effect it has on temperature.\r\nVariables.\r\nTo make this test fair, we moldiness(prenominal) only change one variable, that universe the concentration of the hydrochloric acid, provided we must also make sure, that the alkali concentration is constant quantity. Also, for the sake of fair testing, the room temperature must stay the same, as is leave alone vary results greatly on day to the next.\r\nTrial unpick.\r\nThe trail slip away was to determine a number of details; The first, being the correct ratio of concentration, what I mean to think is, how many cubic centimetres the solution of acid and water will vary each(prenominal) time we do the essay. We have decided to e ach time, keep the slew constant at 25cm cubed, but diluting the acid by 5cm cubed each time.\r\nAlso, we decided that the use of polystyrene insulation was not needed as in the trail run; it had no real effect on the end temperature.\r\nApparatus.\r\nThe following is a list of apparatus we apply with the investigate:\r\n1) Burette\r\n2) Measuring cylinder X 2 (0-50cm3)\r\n3) Digital thermometer (with a temp position of -50 degrees Celsius to 150 degrees Celsius.)\r\n4) Beaker\r\nSafety.\r\nWithin safety, basic labs rules apply, these include, clear workstations and no loose clothing, but special safety rules must be out in place for this, as the use of acids and alkalis, safety goggles need to be worn.\r\nStep by step plan.\r\nFirst, gather up all equipment needed in experiment, then, measure volumes and concentrations that are needed in the experiment. Then, record the start temperature, aft(prenominal) that, mix together the acid and alkali in the beaker, and wait until its peak temperature, then record it. retroflex this three times in order to give away for reliability.\r\nUse exact guidelines on this to repeat experiment for different concentrations.\r\nAccuracy.\r\nIn accuracy, we use the preset variables we also make sure that volumes and concentration are constant and accurate.\r\nPrediction.\r\nMy prevision of what will happen is that when the acid is added to the alkali, the reaction will cause the temperature to go up, but with each concentration the temperature rise will go up, but not to the same extent of what is was beforehand. This prediction was discern to with collision theory in mind; the mental image the temperature the picture the amount of successful collisions, meaning double amount of heat being assumption off.\r\n at once the acid is in excess there will be no notwithstanding temperature rise.\r\nResults Table\r\n closure\r\nIn conclusion, I conclude that my graph follows the straightaway proportional trend because the s cience in my prediction was correct (higher temperature, more collisions, more heat given off).\r\nThis shows my prediction was correct, and that all the science within this experiment in.\r\nEvaluation\r\nMy repeats in the experiment were close, and that would mean that they were, and motionless are reliable. Also, within these repeats there were no abnormal results, this again showing a well carried out experiment.\r\nMy method worked extremely well, and I feel it is the scoop up possible method to use in further experiments.\r\nBut if needs be to change the experiment in some way, perhaps difference in the concentration of the alkali instead of the acid, may wangle the results in someway.\r\nEven the use of either more controlled conditions or different insulation is something to look into.\r\nChoosing other variable to control is also a viable option.\r\n'