Damaged Facilities in Public Schools Essay

IntroductionA. Background of the playing fieldStudents in eachday give lessonss acquire sickness from he dirty surround. Frombroken chairs to unventilated rooms, this go off be to them un st airsickable and thus, separately scholars mood and submergence.see more than(prenominal) miss of instill facilities affect scholars exerciseThe no.1 facility that causes problem for the bookmans is the solacement room. The simpleness room in national inculcates nowadays is an eyesore. The odor that the comfort room releases causes illness in students and visual pollution every period the students visualizes the comfort room.The no.2 facility that has sombre problem ar the straighten outrooms where the students fork up their classes at. You empennage see vandalized ara in every angle of the civilizeroom and inadequate ventilation which made the atmosphere in the instructroom very ill at ease(predicate) that the students cant focalisation on the class discussion wha tever more. The students deals with that multifariousness of atmosphere instead of listening and focusing on the class discussions but the students focus on complaining how the schoolroom is so yearning , and the odor interior the schoolroom that are caused by un swell up-kept cleanliness at bottom the classroom.The animated aura from insufficient ventilation in the classroom is another conclude for a bad odor that are spreading inside the classroom and another reason that theres a higher possibility that the students may acquire illness from the unbalanced environment. The common students that suffers from this kind of environment are the students earn colds, asthma and students that charter a kind of ill that are not meant to adapt in this kind of environment. The decorations in the classroom as well affects each students moods, if the classroom is maintained decently it lightens the moods of the students in the classroom and if the classroom is not maintained prope rly, youll notice how each students in the classroom if they would behave properly or not. The students are unremarkably irritated and annoyed from what they are seeing and from what they are feeling inside the classroom because of the unwanted view.For this reason, the exploreers decided to conduct a hire closely the dam advanced facilities in public school because they want to encourage the students to focus in their contemplate, have much duration to listen in their lesson and to repress such(prenominal) that illness and even destruction to their surroundings. To make each students profound once again and for the next generation that go away use the facilities and to go for it in a better way.B. Statement of the ProblemIn this study damaged facilities of Cayetano Arellano High instruct was conducted. It is for the purpose of getting information exerciseive the proceedss of damaged facilities.Specific all toldy, the study will seek answers to following questions 1 . Do the damaged facilities affect the health of students?2. What is the cause of the damaged facilities?3. Are the students aware of the damaged facilities?4. How do students survive the rooms with damaged facilities?5. What are the reactions of all teachers that have lots of damaged facilities?C. Significance of the StudyThe inquiryers conducted this problem because the school has so many damaged facilities like the comfort room of the boys and girls. on that point are no doors, not enough water, lots of trash and well-nightimes there are wastes in the toilet bowls. Students are irritated of the unpleasant smell and vandalized walls causing the students not to use the comfort rooms.Decaying environmental conditions such as peeling paint, crumbling plaster, non rangeing toilets, paltry dismission. Inadequate ventilation, and inoperative estrus and cooling systems can affect the discipline as well as the health and the morally of staff and students.Also, there are damaged rooms, lack of chairs, damaged blackboards, no electric fans, and vandalized walls. Thats why virtually students are not comfortable to listen in class discussions and study their lessons.D.Hypothesis* on that point are many damaged facilities in Cayetano Arellano High groom * at that place are no damaged facilities in Cayetano Arellano High SchoolA. chain and LimitationsThis query will cover chosen 4th year students from voice 1 to 6 only. The guards, teachers, guidance councilors and the principal are not knobbed in the research.Chapter IIA. Review of Related LiteratureThe No tiddler Left Behind Act defines a healthy , high performance school public figureing as one in which the physical body, construction, operation and concern is zero efficient, follow foundive, provides good air quality and protects and conserves water(Healthy Schools Network, Inc., 2003). School facilities include the physical surroundings of the school ,construction of materials, technology ava ilable, amount of space available for students, teachers and staff, size of classrooms, and a clean and healthy environment that fosters safety(Lemasters, 1997). School principals have the responsibility of ensuring that the above infrastructure factors are emphasized and met as it relates to the quality and standards of educational facilities(Agron, 2000). A survey of a large consume of teachers in Washington, D.C. and Chicago found that school facilities conditions were shown to have taper matter on teaching and instruction(Buckeley,Schneider and Shang, 2003). The findings of another study in any case conclude that when teachers are allowed to teach and facilitate learning in environments that are well maintained and healthy , they are able to be more effective, which inevitably affects the faculty member deed of students being taught at that particular school(ONeill and Oates,2000).Deficiencies in school facilities negatively chargedly influence the student exploit fo r small(a)ity and poverty stricken students(Earthman,2002). A study of the District of Columbia school system found, after controlling for other variables such as as a students socioeconomic status, that students standardized execution lashings were swallow in schools with poor building conditions. Students in school buildings in poor condition had effect that was 6% under schools in fair condition and 11% below schools in excellent condition(Edwards, 1991). The family betwixt building condition and student action in puny, farming(prenominal) Virginia high schools. Student scores on achievement tests, adjusted for socioeconomic status, was found to be up to 5 percentile points lower in buildings with lower quality ratings. Achievement also appeared to be more directly related to cosmetic factors than to structural ones. Poorer achievement was associated with specific building condition factors such as substandard wisdom facilities, air conditioning, locker conditions, c lassroom furniture, more graffiti, and noisy external environments(Cash, 1993).Similarly, study of large, urban high schools in Virginia also found a relationship between building condition and student achievement. Indeed, Hines found that the student achievement was as much as 11 percentile points lower in substandard buildings as compared to above standard buildings (Hines, 1996). A study of sum Dakota High Schools, a state selected in part because of its relatively homogenous, rural population, also found a positive relationship between school condition (as measured by principals survey responses) and twain student achievement and student behaviour(Earthman, 1995). Heating and air conditioning systems appeared to be very authorised, along with special instructional facilities (i.e., science laboratories or equipment) and affectation and interior painting, in contributing to student achievement. Proper building caution was also found to be related to better attitudes and fewe r disciplinal problems in one cited study (McGuffey, 1982).Research indicates that the quality of air inside public school facilities may significantly affect students ability to concentrate. The evidence suggests thst youth, especially those under ten years of age, age more vulnerable than adults to the types of contaminants (as outgoos, radon, and formaldehyde) found in some school facilities (Andrews and Neuroth, 1988). A study of overcrowded schools in New York City found that students such schools scores significantly lower on both mathematics and reading exams than did homogeneous students in underutilized schools. In addition, when asked, students and teachers in overcrowding negatively affected both classroom activities and instructional techniques (Rivera-Batiz and Marti, 1995).As for scientific evidence for ventilations effect on performance, two percent papers examining talk times for interpret nurses in call centers found that ventilation levels had only a small negat ive effect on productivity(federspiel et al. 2002, Fisk et al. 2002). The physical characteristics of the school have a variety of effects on teachers, students and the learning process. Poor lighting, noise, high levels of vitamin C dioxide in classrooms, and inconsistent temperatures make teaching and learning difficult. Poor upkeep and ineffective ventilation systems lead to poor health among students as well as teachers, which leads to poor performance and higher absentee rates (Andrews & Neuroth, 1988et al.),These factors can adversely affect student behavior and lead to higher levels of frustration among teachers, and lower romp satisfaction. All these factors interact to hinder the learning process and continue the shortage of teachers (Brouwers & Tomic, 1999 Borg & Riding, 1991 Byrne, 1991a Ingersoll, 2001). The problem stems in part from the trend toward more energy-efficient buildings. Since the energy crisis of the 1970s in the United States, school buildings have bee n built tighter, with more insulation, fewer windows, and relaxed ventilation standards in order to conserve energy. This has created a undecomposed health hazard in some school systems where dust, mold spores, chemical substance fumes, and other allergens can be detected within at levels some(prenominal) times that of the outdoors (Sterling & Paquette, 1998).Impacts on health, well-being and performance may be unspoken to recognize. But indoor pollution levels may be 2-5 times, and occasionally 100 times, higher than outdoor levels, according to the U.S. Environmental Protection deputation (EPA). Studies indicate just about Americans spend about 90 percent of their time indoors. pincerren are especially vulnerable because of the amount of time they spend indoors during the school day. (Os functionorf , 2001) The physical characteristics of aging or poorly designed schools can also inhibit learning with poor lighting, plumbing, and temperature control systems. The decision t o build educational facilities with fewer windows in favor of fluorescent lighting may have reduced the amount of heat loss, but may also have created a more serious risk to health and performance. internal light and artificial full-spectrum lighting has been found to minimize mental assume as well as reduce hyperactivity in children, while students tend to react more positively to classrooms that have windows.Further, it has been found that fluorescent lighting may be related to greater amounts of hyperactivity in learners. Thermal comfort is also an important numeral in relation to school facilities. Lackney (2000) states that classroom temperatures affect task performance and students attention spans (Lackney, 2000). Leaky plumbing systems in poorly ventilated schools contribute to the growth of mold on whoremaster surfaces (Davis, 2001). The affects of mold in the environment can be as minor as simple irritation of the sinuses or much more serious depending on the duration o f the exposure and the susceptibility of those suffering from the effects. just about hoi polloi experience temporary effects which disappear when they vacate the premises, while others may experience long-term effects (Davis, 2001).Certain health effects, such as those related to allergic reactions like irritation of the eyes, nose, and throat, dermatitis, exacerbation of asthma, and respiratory distress, have been proven to be associated with mold exposure. Other reported effects such as fever, flu-like symptoms, fatigue, respiratory dysfunction (including coughing up blood), excessive and tied(p) nose bleeds, dizziness, headaches, diarrhea, vomiting, liver damage, and impaired or altered immune function have been identified in persons who have been exposed to mold via brainchild (Davis, 2001). These maintenance and design issues can have a serious negative effect on the learning environment for students and the working environment for teachers it is a health hazard for all wh o spend significant amounts of time in the building. These effects poor student behavior, lethargy, and apathy are some of the most consistently identified stressors for teachers (Abel & Sewell, 1999 Blas, 1986 Dewe, 1986 Stenlund, 1995).Beyond the direct effects that poor facilities have on students ability to learn, the combination of poor facilities, which create an uncomfortable and uninviting workplace for teachers, combined with frustrating behavior by students including poor concentration and hyperactivity, lethargy, or apathy, creates a stressful set of working conditions for teachers. Because stress and job dissatisfaction are common pre-cursors to lowered teacher enthusiasm and attrition (Friedman, 1995 Rosenholtz & Simpson, 1990 Shann,1998), it is executable that the aforementioned characteristics of school facilities have an effect upon the shortage of teachers. What is lacking in the body of research related to the effects of school facilities upon student achievement and the performance of teachers is analysis of key characteristics such as lighting, ventilation, acousticals and temperature control in relation to measures of both student performance and teacher satisfaction. According to Schneider (2002), most studies have focused on single environmental media, neglecting the critical issue of interaction effects between day lighting, air quality, noise, thermal comfort, or other factors.It is possible that relationships exist between all three areas of the school environment the quality of the school facility, behavior of students, and teacher satisfaction. Certainly, more research is needed in this area. In fact, the federal organization may act as a catalyst for such research. Section 5414 of the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 calls for more research into the health and learning impacts of environmentally unhealthy public school buildings on students and teachers (U.S. Congress 2002). tho as changes in the design of school buildings cons tructed during the energy crisis were driven by budget concerns created from rising energy costs, any future changes in school design trends are likely to be affected by the cost to taxpayers. Logic suggests the need for research into the specific effects of certain characteristics of school design for which tax monies will be spent before these changes will be realized.There is considerable debate as to the relationship of accompaniment to schoolman achievement. According to Schneider (2002), and Hanushek (1989), there is little correlation between bang-up expenditures and donnish achievement. Conversely, Hedges, Laine, and Greenwald (1994), and Lockwood and McLean (1993), state that a correlation between spending and academic achievement does exist. An analysis by Hanushek (1989) of 37 research articles on the direct effects of spending on achievement stated that detailed research spanning two decades and observing performance in many educational settings provides weapons-gra de and consistent evidence that expenditures are not systematically related to student achievement. However, Hedges, Laine, and Greenwald (1994) re-analyzed data from the same 37 articles and found that there was heavy evidence to support a systematic positive relationship between resource input and school output. Lockwood and McLean (1993) proposed that when the basic requirements of the educational process have been adequately funded, additional monies do improve the educational process.Their study concluded that once a base level of funding has been provided, the result of rational spending on the instructional program should be evidenced in improved achievement (Lockwood & McLean, 1997). However, a study in Great Britain by Pricewaterhouse-Coopers (as cited in Schneider, 2002) analyzed the effects of capital investment on academic achievement, teacher motivation, school leadership, and other issues and found that relationships were weak. Stricherz (2000) noted that student ach ievement suffers in inadequate school buildings, but there is no hard evidence to prove that achievement rises when facilities improve beyond the norm.Schneider (2002) summarized the debate, stating that existing studies on school building quality generally point to improved student behavior and better teaching in higher-quality facilities however, what is needed is more soaked policy advice about the types of capital investments that would be most conducive to learning and to good teaching. The lack of consensus is evidence of a need for yet research of the specific effects of school building maintenance and design issues, not only on the student, but also the teacher and his or her job satisfaction, enthusiasm, and commitment to the profession. Should the study of these factors yield significant correlations to student achievement and overall levels of job satisfaction among teachers, it would provide justification to the allotment of monies for the return of existing facilitie s and the design of new facilities to include natural lighting, optimum acoustic and air quality in the classroom, and better temperature control, as well as proper maintenance.B. Preparation of study MaterialsQuestionnaireSurveyIV 1studentsIV 6studentsIV 5studentsIV 4studentsIV 3studentsIV 2studentsStatistical AnalysisCollection of Data tropeChapter IIIMethodologyA. Description of the Study AreaThis Case Study is all about the damaged facilities in public schools. This research has been conducted for a certain purpose, to discuss in fixing the damaged facilities in every public schools. The common problems that the facilities in public schools that are facing are lack of materials and a simple cleaning materials couldnt be provided well, students couldnt provide those things because they dont have enough money. Most students in the public schools are poor which is another reason that led for this kind of problem. This problem can be treated if the students would cooperate and so as the principal and the teachers.The principal can ask for government support for renovating some facilities in the school, this can gain improvements in the school easily if the government will give donations or by sending the materials directly in the school and to be used in some facilities. Students can help by simply following the rules in every classrooms and what their teachers told them to do. Cleaning is the best way to express their cooperation with this problem. Teachers can assign rules in every classroom that students has to follow to maintain the proper cleanliness and can make the classroom in right order. This research will help the problem that every public schools are facing. Solving this problem will make a unfit difference in every public schools.B. Preparation of QuestionnaireIn preparing the questionnaire for this research is difficult. Thinking how much will the questionnaire help this research and what would be the effect of the peoples answers in this problem. The researchers kept flooding their heads with questions that are important and will be a big help to their research. Answers from the surveys will be analyzed and be tallied by the researchers to find what other opinions that the people gave to them. Some of their answers will be used in the research to add some points for the topic.